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Chronicles

The story behind the story

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Researchers show that they can use lasers to send commands to smart speakers, tablets, and phones via Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant from far away

By pointing lasers tuned to a precise frequency at a smart assistant, researchers could force it to unlock cars, open garage doors, and more.

Wired Andy Greenberg

Context & Ripple Effects

Voice assistants have been a moving target for covert-command researchers since 2017, when a team showed every major assistant could be driven by ultrasonic frequencies from about $3 of hardware, followed by work embedding inaudible commands inside music and speech. Each iteration shrank the gap between attacker and device.

The laser demonstration closes that gap entirely: by modulating light onto a microphone's diaphragm at a tuned frequency, researchers can speak to Siri, Alexa, or Google Assistant from across a room or farther — no speaker, no proximity, no sound at all. That turns every assistant with line of sight into a remote actuator for whatever it controls.

First-order effects

  • Owners of internet-connected locks, garages, and cars that respond to voice commands inherit a new threat model: an adversary outside the building who never needs to be heard or seen.
  • Amazon, Google, and Apple face pressure to add speaker verification or liveness checks to assistants that today execute any well-formed command they receive.

Second-order effects

  • Smart-home and automotive makers whose devices sit behind an assistant now share responsibility for a vulnerability in someone else's microphone, pushing authentication decisions upstream into the assistant layer.
  • The finding compounds earlier physical-access research like the Cortana lock-screen bypass, giving enterprise buyers concrete grounds to demand voice-assistant hardening before deploying speakers in offices and lobbies.

Third-order effects

  • As assistants gain authority over physical actuators, the industry's trust boundary has to shift from 'who is holding the device' to 'what signal is authentic,' making sensor-level spoofing a recurring class rather than a one-off bug.
  • If covert-command demonstrations keep escalating across modalities, regulators and insurers treating smart-home devices as consumer gadgets may start requiring authenticated command channels as a condition of sale or coverage.

The trend: Each generation of covert-command research — ultrasonic, hidden-in-audio, and now optical — strips away another precondition of attack just as voice assistants take on more physical-world control, making assistant authentication a structural security requirement rather than a feature.

Discussion

  • @a_greenberg Andy Greenberg on x
    Researchers found that varying the intensity of a laser pointed at a smart speaker's mic could trick it into behaving as if it were receiving voice commands—silently telling Alexa to make purchases or unlock doors via a window from hundreds of feet away. https://www.wired.com/...
  • @fadeladib Fadel Adib on x
    Today in cool (& scary) tech news: Hackers can take over Alexa, Google Home, & Siri using a laser pointer, even from outside a house @DrKevinFu & colleagues uncovered this attack, and showed how it can open someone's garage doors and household locks https://www.nytimes.com/...
  • @rossjanderson Ross Anderson on x
    This is just awesome! It's one of those papers you see maybe once a year which make you think “Gosh, I wish I'd done that.” The research web page is here: https://lightcommands.com/ https://twitter.com/...
  • @rezendi Jon Evans on x
    '"It's possible to make microphones respond to light as if it were sound," says Suguwara. “This means that anything that acts on sound commands will act on light commands."' https://www.wired.com/...
  • @compcomcon CCC on x
    Takeshi Sugarawa and frmr CCC Council Member @DrKevinFu discuss how hackers can use lasers to ‘speak’ to your voice assistants in a recent @WIRED article https://www.wired.com/...
  • @josephfcox Joseph Cox on x
    Dunno why coverage I've read of the laserpointers being used to control smart assistants doesn't include this but: - this is typically hard to do (important for threat model) - but here are some prices of equipment, pretty low https://lightcommands.com/... pic.twitter.com/U3olxo…
  • @emilycompagno Emily Compagno on x
    In the latest frightening “discovery” in voice-command tech,researchers have discovered microphones respond to certain light as if it were sound. Ie- from outside your window, hackers with a laser pen can have #Alexa open doors, order things online, etc.🙈 https://www.wired.com/..…
  • @jckichen @jckichen on x
    This is as fascinating as it is useless as a real world access vector. https://twitter.com/...
  • @kimzetter Kim Zetter on x
    “the microphones in the devices will respond to light as if it was sound...That movement can be replicated by focusing a laser or a flashlight at the diaphragm, which converts it into electric signals...The rest of the system then responds the way it would to sound.” https://twit…
  • @nxthompson Nicholas Thompson on x
    Holy shit. Hackers can use lasers—from 164 feet away—to manipulate your Amazon Echo or Google Home to, say, open a garage door. https://www.wired.com/...
  • @nicoleperlroth Nicole Perlroth on x
    NEW: We've long worried voice assistants like Alexa and Google Home could be easily hacked. We just never knew all it entailed was a flashlight. https://www.nytimes.com/...
  • @cfarivar Cyrus Farivar on x
    With a Laser, Researchers Say They Can Hack Alexa, Google Home or Siri (by @nicoleperlroth) https://www.nytimes.com/...